The Effects of Right Ventricular Apical Pacing on Ventricular Function and Dyssynchrony

The effects of right ventricular apical pacing on ventricular function and dyssynchrony implications for therapy.

Cardiac pacing is the only effective treatment for patients with sick sinus syndrome and atrioventricular conduction disorders. In cardiac pacing, the endocardial pacing lead is typically positioned at the right ventricular (RV) apex. At the same time, there is increasing indirect evidence, derived from large pacing mode selection trials and observational studies, that conventional RV apical pa...

Ventricular remodeling in right ventricular apical pacing.

OBJECTIVE To determine ventricular remodeling (VR) and the role of clinical and functional variables in patients with normal cardiac function who underwent right ventricular apical pacing (RVAP). METHODS Among the 268 consecutive patients with standard pacemaker due to complete atrioventricular block (CAVB), those with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 55% and left ventricular end-d...

Right Ventricular Pacing and Mechanical Dyssynchrony

Ventricular dyssynchrony and increased BNP levels in right ventricular apical pacing.

BACKGROUND Long-term right ventricular apical pacing can cause ventricular dyssynchrony and, secondarily, neurohumoral alterations and increase in cardiac morbimortality. OBJECTIVE To analyze ventricular dyssynchrony and its effects on BNP levels in patients with pacemakers and long-term right ventricular (RV) apex pacing. METHODS Cross-sectional study of 85 patients with single or dual cha...

The Downside of Right Ventricular Apical Pacing

The right ventricular (RV) apex has been the standard pacing site since the development of implantable pacemaker technology. Although RV pacing was initially only utilized for the treatment of severe bradyarrhythmias usually due to complete heart block, today the indications for and implantation of RV pacing devices is dramatically larger. Recently, the adverse effects of chronic RV apical paci...